Spring-motor-overwinding preventer.



. L. H. FRIEDMAN.

SPRING MOTOR OVER WINDING PREVENTER. APPLIOATION FILED NOV.15,' 1912.

1,109,569, I Patented Sept. 1, 1914.

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L. H. FRIEDMAN.

SPRING MOTOR OVER WINDING PREVENTEB. APPLICATION FILED 110115, 1912.

1,109,569. Patented Sept. 1,1914

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ATTORMEY.

THE NORRIS PETERS (20.. PHOTdLITHa, WASHINGTON. D. C.

unrrnn s'rnrnsrnrnnr Omen LnsLIE' HAROLD FRIEDMAN, or sr. KILDA, MELBOURNE, VIOTQRLl'A, AUSTRALIA.

A SPRING-Momon-ovnnwinmive PREVENT-ER.

spe fic o e Patented semi-.1914.

Original application filed Februarym, 1912, Serial No. 677,064. Divided and this' application filed November 15, 1912. Serial N0173L502.

I Commonwealth of Australia, and later at Killeen, Grey street, but now at 32 Carlyle street, both in the city of St. Kilda, a suburb of the city of Melbourne aforesaid, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in and relating to Spring-Motor- Overwinding Preventers, of which the following is a speclficatlon.

This invention relates to means for preventing the over-winding of tension springs used, for example, in the spring motor devices employed for operating the sliding carriages of typewriting machines, and covers subject matter divided from my'prior application, Serial Number 677,064, filed February 12, 1912. 7

Although particularly applicable to the tension springs of typewriting machines the invention is not limited thereto and may be employed in other capacities, its main ob; ject being to govern the spring tension and prevent overwinding of the said spring when winding thereof is effected automatically. I

Referring to the drawings which form part of this specification :Figure 1 is arear perspective view of a typewriting machine showing the present invention applied tothe invention disclosed by my prior United States application Serial No. 677064- aforementioned. Fig. 2 i a perspective view showing this invention applied to the. reversing mechanism of my prior invention aforementioned. Fig. 3 is a view of this invention by which the spring tension is governed. The arrows indicate the direction of travel of an axle when the spring i being wound. The recoil of the axle and a ratchet wheel secured thereto is in the opposite di-: rection to that indicated by the arrows. Fig. 4: is a back or rear view to. show the connection to the carriage, by tapes, of the reversing mechanism comprising my prior invention. The arrows indicate the, direction of movement of various parts when a line i be ing written and the tension'spring is being automatically wound. Fig. 5 is an end part sectional view of the reversing mechanism fully referred to.

contained in my prior invention aforementioned. Fig. 6 is a view of mechanism operated by each depression of the keys and which itself operates the mechanism seen in Fig. 3 for ma1nta1n1ngthe tensionof the sprlng moving the carriage.

a lefthand endl. Slidably carriedby the framework is-a oarriage5 of any suitable construction. The carriageis controlled'bya ribbon tension spring hereinafter more The tension springis I intermittently released by the depression of keys as isusual, the carriage'moving from the right toward the left hand end of the framework each time a key is depressed.

.Any'suitable and common form of escape-' ment mechanism for intermittently permitting the carriage to move may be employed.

Beneath the key levers of the machine" and extending acros the framework is a cross bar ,8. Secured to the rear of the carriage 5,

and extending from one end thereof to the other, is a stop bar 66. Embracing the stop bar 662is a reversing stop 70. Embracing the said-stop bar is also a reengagement stop 75. Upstandmg above the right hand end of the rear of the framework is a plain bearing- 79.- Upstandingabove the left hand end of the rear of. the framework is a bearing 80. Mountedini'the bearings 79 and 80 is a reversingbar86 having a rack 94:. Engaging the rack 94: of the reversing bar is'a pinion 103 mounted at the top of a spring controlled vertical spindlelOA. At the lower end of thevertical spindle 104 is a crank pin 106 engaging an intermediately pivoted upper, end, to the rear of the left hand end lever 108 operating a slide 112. Adjoining the slide 112 is an inner clutch lever 113. Thisis pivoted by a pivot pin 114, at its of the framework. Adjoining the slide 112 is also an outer'clutch lever 116. This is pivoted, by a pivot pin 117, at its upper end,

to the rear of the left hand end of the framework. Extending between the clutch levers 113 and116 is a contracting spring 119. Between the clutch levers is a driving drum 1 120, having inner teeth 121 and outer teeth 122. Within the driving. drum isa coiled ribbon tension spring 123. One endthe outer end--of this is securedto the interior of the drum while the other or inner end is f I 0: The typewriting machine includes a. framework 2, having a right hand end 3,,and

the same and the inner clutch lever 113 is an inner clutch drum 126, having teeth 127.

v The drum 126 is loosely mounted on the axle 124. Secured to the circumference of the inner clutch drum 126 is the winding end 130 of a first tape 131. The other or carriage end 132 of the said first tape is secured to the right hand end of the carriage 5.

' :Between the driving drum 120 and the outer clutch lever 116 is an outer clutch drum 133 ":having teeth 134. The drum 133 is loosely mounted on the axle 124. Secured to the circumference of the said drum 133 is the windingend 135 of a second tape 136. The

other or cam end 137 of the said tape 136 is secured to thecircumference .of-a cam 138. The cam 138 is mounted upon the outer end of a spindle 139 mounted upon the inner end of which is a wheel 140. Secured-to the circumference of the Wheel 140 is the winding end 141 of a third tape 142. The other-or carriage end 143 of the third tape 142 is secured to the left hand end of the carriage 5. Mounted upon the axle 124 is a ratchet wheel 144. Loosely accoinmodatedby the wheel.

said axle 124 are also the inner ends of a forked lever 145 having an inner and an outer arm, one each side of the said ratchet The inner arm of the said lever is provided with an extension 146 and is therefore intermediately pivoted tofthe axle 124.

Pivoted to the said lever by a pivot pin 147 is a pawl 148 controlled by a spring 149. Controlling the lever 145 is also a lifting spring 150. I

Protruding or forming part of the framework, adjacent the extension 146, is a guide 151. Accommodated by the guide 151 is a slide 152 carrying a screw 153. Accommodated-by the screw 153 and bearing. against a portion of the framework, or an extension thereof, is a nut 154. Secured to the slide 152 is one end of a spring 155. Pivoted to theframework, or an extension thereof, by a stud 156, is a crank leverhaving a short arm 157 and a long arm 158. To the short arm 157 is attached the other end ofthe spring 155. Pivoted to the framework, or an extension thereof, by a stud 159, is a (118? engaging tappet 160, (not engaging the wheel 144), provided in its boss with arecess 161. The end of the long arm 158 of the crank lever is accommodated by the recess 161 the said recess being of suflicient area to freely or loosely accommodate the said end. Pivoted by a pivot pin 162 to an extension of the long arm 158 of the crank lover is aholding pawl 163 controlled by a spring 164. The long arm is, therefore, as shown, in; fact an intermediately pivoted lever.

lever 167.

lever 108, operate the slide 112. the pivoted clutch levers 113 and 116, throws .endof the lever 145 is the upper end of a connecting rod 166. Pivotallyconnected to the lower end of the connecting rod166 is the rear end of a first intermediately pivoted The said lever by a stud 168 is pivoted to the left hand end of the framework. The front end of the lever 167 en gages with a roller 169 carried by the rear end of'a second intermediately pivoted lever 170. The second lever 170 is attached to the left hand end of a spindle 171' extending across the framework beneath the key levers 7. Atits right hand end the spindle 171 is provided with a lever 172. Pivoted by pivot pins 17 3 to the levers 170 and 172 is the cross bar 8. Depending from the cross bar 8 are lugs 174 to which are pivotally connected the rear ends of links 175, the front ends of which are pivoted to the framework or an extension thereof. The said links 175 may be controlled by a spring 176.

The cycle of operations with this invention is as follows :Uponeach depression of akey 6 orits equivalent any suitable escapement mechanism permits the carriage 5 to move a certain distance from right to left as in an ordinary typewriting machine. The

inner clutch drum 126 is now in engagement with the driving drum 120 which is rotated by its tension spring 123. The inner clutch drum 126 is therefore being driven by the driving drum 120. The drum 126 draws with it, each time a key is depressed and it is permitted to travel, the winding end 130 of the first tape 131. On account of the car riage end 132 of this tape being attached to the right hand end of the carriage 5the said carriage moves in the direction indicated, 2'. e. from right to left. Upon the carriage 5 reaching the end of a line the reversing stop frees the reversing bar permitting the spring controlling the pinion'103 in engagement with therack 94 of the reversing bar 86 to assert itself and by its tension rotate the pinion and move the said bar from right to left. As the pinion 103 rotates, or partially rotates, it will be seen that the vertical spindle 104, must also partially rotate, and, by the crank pin 106 and intermediately pivoted This, by

the inner clutch drum 126 out of engagement and the outer clutchdrum 133 into engagement with the drivmg' drum 120. Immediat ely this occurs the tension spring 123 within the driving drum 120 drives the outer clutch drum 133, which, by the second tape 136 moves the cam 138 in the opposite direction to that indicated by the arrows shown in Fig. 4. The cam 138 turns the spindle 139 upon which it is mounted and therefore also turns the wheel 140 to which is attached the winding end 141 of the third tape 142. On account of the carriage end 143of'this tape being attached to the left hand end of the carriage the said carriage moves in a reverse direction to that which it out of engagement and the inner clutch drum 126 once more into engagement with the driving drum 120. The carriage may once more move 110w, from right to left, the various parts being set to return the carriage at the end of a line as already described.

With each depression of a key lever it will be clear that the cross bar 8 beneath the said key levers is depressed. This, by the levers 17 0 and 167 described, operates the connect-:

ing rod 166. The rod 166 in turn draws downwardly the outer endof'the lever'145i adjacent the ratchet wheel 144. With the lever moves the pawl 148 which being in? engagement with the teeth of the ratchet wheel partially rotates thesaid wheel.- The spring 150' returns the said lever 145 after each such movement and the holding pawl 163 before described prevents escapement of the said ratchet wheel 144. It will there-1 fore be plain that as the carriage5 moves: from right to left the depression of the keys 6 operates the ratchet wheel 144' rorating the axle 124 upon which it is mountaed. As one end of the tension spring 123 is? secured tothe axle 124v the rotation of the axle winds the said tension spring 123 with-i, in the driving drum 120 and maintains org gathers up the tension of the said spring which was lost in returning the carriage at the end of the line previously written. It; should be explained that the tension of the spring 123 during the operation just de-;

scribed is comparatively low or, in any case, is not high.

dency to unwind of the spring 123 and the winding of the spring 123 has been described but should the tension upon the said spring be for any reason too severe, or 2 when the said spring reaches a certain teni That is to say the spring is not fully wound, and, therefore, the pawls 148 and 163 have no difliculty in operating. the ratchet wheel 144 as the recoil or ten-l sion a continued automatic winding of the said spring is automatically prevented. Therefore should the tension of the'spring 123 mm down or :weakento anymaterialextent thesaid tension spring is automatically 'rewound as described and when, under any clrcumstances, sufliclent tension has been obtained the winding mechanism is automatically thrown out of gear'as will now be explained. It should be understood that when axle 124 is stationary the tendency of the spring 123 is to rotate the driving drum 120 in one direction but when the drum 120 is stationary the tendencyof the spring is to rotate the axle 124 and with it'the ratchet wheel 144 in the opposite direction. When the spring 123 is normally wound the ratchet wheel-144 will therefore'have what maybe termed a normal recoil but when the condition of the spring 123 tends toward over-windingthe recoil of the ratchet wheel 144 will be:abnormal or severe. It is obvious, then, that when the recoiling action reaches-a certain stage or is abnormal the holding pawl 163 will be slightly lifted with each recoiling movement of the ratchet wheel 144. The direction of the recoil of the ratchet wheel is the opposite to that indicated by the arrows in Fig. 3. hen the pawl 163 is so lifted it is clear that the long arm extension to which the pawl 163 is pivotally attached must also be lifted. The long arm 158 being actually an intermediately pivoted lever the end of it in engagement with the recess 1610f the tappet 160 now descends in the said recess and strikes its bottom or lower edge comparatively sharply. This has the effect of moving the upper'end of the tappet 160 inwardly and beneath the extension 146 of the inner arm! of thelever 145. As before described with each downward movement of the connecting rod 166 the outer end ofthe lever 145 to which the said rod 166 is pivotally con nected' also descends carrying downwardly the pawl 148 which in consequence operates the ratchet wheel 144. The direction of travel of the ratchet wheel when this takes place is indicated by the arrows shown in Fig. 3. The descent ofthe one end of the lever 145 elevates'the extension 146. The

lever145, when a key'or the like which caused its descent is released, is lifted by the spring 150. If the upper end of the tappet 160 has moved inwardly and isengage another tooth of the ratchet wheel 144. The automatic winding mechanism is 1 therefore out of gear. When the parts referred to are in this condition the spring 150 cannot lift the pawl148 and the outer end of the lever to their normal position and depressed.

thereforethe connecting rod;166 is slightly This has the effect of slightly lowering the rear endofthe lever 167 and consequently slightly elevating the front end of the -said lever from the friction roller 169. This :however has no detrimental or other effect. It may be. mentioned, too, that with each movement of the ratchet wvheel 144 by the pawl 14S the pawl 163 is slightly depressed. This has the effect oflowering the extension of the longjarm ;158;and bringing its other end into engagement with the top or upper edge otthe'recess 161. This throws the upper end of the tappet 160 outwardly or awayfrom the extension 146. When the recoil of the ratchet wheel 144 is normal the o'utward movementofthe tappet 160 is anidle one incidentahto'the mechanism but not anecessity. When'the recoil, of the ratchet'wheel 144 is .abnormal the end or" the long arm158 will be given its maximum stroke from the .top to the bottom of the recess 161 through this idle movement. The consequence is that thetappet 160 movesvery quickly when'the recoil is abnormal andis always then in positionin time-to prevent the extension 1&6 completing its full journey, as described. By turn ingthe nut 154C the slide152 is moved and the tension of the spring 155 upon the short arm 157 of the crank levereither lessened or increased. The end of the long arm 158 may thereby be engaged with either the top or bottom edge of the recess 161. In addi tion when the recoil of the ratchet wheel 14% is abnormal the tension of the spring 155 has to be overcome by the recoil and regulating or timing of the moment when the tappet 160 will come into complete-operation; may thus be effected. Having now described my invention whatl I claim as new anddesire to msecuretby Let-f ters Patent is j 1. The combination with a tension spring; of means for applying a windingmove-i ment to the spring, means adapted to bei actuated to render said winding means in-l operative, an adjustable resilient device nor-i mally holding the second mentioned means; out of action, and means operated by the} spring at a predetermined tensionfor seting into operation said second mentioned means against the resistance of said resilient device.

, 2. The combination with a tension spring of means for applying a partial winding movement to the spring, a pawl and ratchet mechanism for retaining the spring against recoil, a device for rendering saidmeans inoperative, and means operated through said pawl and ratchet mechanism by a predetermined tension on the spring for actuating said device.

3. The combination with a tension spring having one end fixed of a ratchet wheel sepawl when the spring has acquired a predetermined tension.

4. The combination with a driving drum of a tension spring within said drum, an vaxle secured to the sprlng, a ratchet wheel secured to one of said parts, means for actuating said ratchet wheel, a trip pawl adapted to be actuated to render said means inoperative, means for actuating said trip pawl, operated by the recoil of the ratchet wheel, when the spring reaches a predetermined tension, and means for preventing operation of said trip pawl by its actuating means until said predetermined tension is reached.

5. The combination with a tension spring .of an axle controlled by said spring, a

ratchet wheel secured to said axle, a lever having an extension intermediately pivoted to said axle, a pawl carried by said lever at one end engaging said ratchet, a spring lifting said lever at its pawl end and depressing the extension, and means actuated by thejrecoil of the ratchet wheel when the spring reaches a. predetermined tension for preventing the depression of said extension.

6. The combination with a tension spring of an axle controlled by said spring, a ratchet wheel secured to said axle, a pawl engaging said ratchet wheel, a lever carrying said pawl and pivotally supported by said axle, an extension on said lever, a connecting rod for actuating said lever in one direction, a spring for actuating said lever in the opposite direction, a holding pawl engaging said ratchet wheel, a crank lever carrying said holding pawl, a trip pawl adjacent said crank lever and adapted to engage said extension, and a recess in said pawl engaged by said crank lever.

7. The combination with a tension spring, of a ratchet wheel for winding the spring, pawl mechanism for applying a winding movement to said ratchet wheel, a spring controlled holding pawl engaging said ratchetwheel, and means operated by said holding pawl by a predetermined force of recoil of said ratchet wheel for rendering said pawl mechanism inoperative.

8. The combination with a tension spring, of a reciprocating pawl device for winding said spring, and means operated by a predetermined degree of tension upon the spring for preventing the reciprocations of said pawl device.

9. The combination of a tension spring, a ratchet wheel controlling said spring, ,a spring controlled rocking lever carrying a a pawl engaging said ratchet wheel, means for operating said rocking lever, a holding pawl engaging the ratchet wheel, adjustable resilient means for controlling said holding pawl, and means operated by said holding pawl when the spring has acquired a predetermined tension for restraining-the movement of said rocking'leverr I 10. The combination of a tension spring, a ratchet Wheel controlling said spring, pawl mechanism for operating said ratchet wheel, a pivotally mounted holding pawl for said ratchet wheel and movable thereby when the spring reaches a predetermined tension an adjustable spring deyice conment of said holding pawl against the action of said spring device for preventing the operation of said pawl mechanism;

In testimony whereof I aflix my signature 1n presence of two wltnesses.

' LESLIE HAROLD FRIEDMAN.

Witnesses:

Gnonsn A. MRmu' VICTOR J. KELSOA.

Copies of this patent may be obtained for five cents each, by addressing the Commissioner of I atents,

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